使用 Goja 的 Golang 表格

Goja[^1] 是 ECMAScript 5 的纯 Go 实现。

¥Goja[^1] is a pure Go implementation of ECMAScript 5.

SheetJS 是一个用于从电子表格读取和写入数据的 JavaScript 库。

¥SheetJS is a JavaScript library for reading and writing data from spreadsheets.

此演示使用 Goja 和 SheetJS 来读取和写入电子表格。我们将探讨如何在 Goja 引擎中加载 SheetJS，与 Go 程序交换二进制数据并处理电子表格和结构化数据。

¥This demo uses Goja and SheetJS to read and write spreadsheets. We'll explore how to load SheetJS in the Goja engine, exchange binary data with a Go program and process spreadsheets and structured data.

"完整示例" 部分制作了一个命令行工具，用于读取任意工作簿并将数据写入 XLSB 工作簿。

¥The "Complete Example" section makes a command-line tool for reading arbitrary workbooks and writing data to XLSB workbooks.

集成详情

¥Integration Details

SheetJS 独立脚本 可以在 Goja 上下文中解析和评估。

¥The SheetJS Standalone scripts can be parsed and evaluated in a Goja context.

初始化 Goja

¥Initialize Goja

Goja 不提供 global 变量。它可以在一行中创建：

¥Goja does not provide a global variable. It can be created in one line:

/* initialize */
vm := goja.New()

/* goja does not expose a standard "global" by default */
v, err := vm.RunString("var global = (function(){ return this; }).call(null);")

加载 SheetJS 脚本

¥Load SheetJS Scripts

可以通过从文件系统读取脚本并在 Goja 上下文中进行评估来加载 shim 和主库：

¥The shim and main libraries can be loaded by reading the scripts from the file system and evaluating in the Goja context:

func safe_run_file(vm *goja.Runtime, file string) {
  data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
  if err != nil { panic(err) }
  src := string(data)
  _, err = vm.RunString(src)
  if err != nil { panic(err) }
}

// ...
  safe_run_file(vm, "shim.min.js")
  safe_run_file(vm, "xlsx.full.min.js")

要确认库已加载，可以检查 XLSX.version：

¥To confirm the library is loaded, XLSX.version can be inspected:

  /* get version string */
  v, err := vm.RunString("XLSX.version")
  fmt.Printf("SheetJS library version %s\n", v)

读取文件

¥Reading Files

文件可以读入 []byte：

¥Files can be read into []byte:

/* read file */
data, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("sheetjs.xlsx")

[]byte 应该从 Go 转换为 ArrayBuffer：

¥[]byte should be converted to an ArrayBuffer from Go:

/* load into engine */
vm.Set("buf", vm.ToValue(vm.NewArrayBuffer(data)))

/* parse */
wb, _ = vm.RunString("wb = XLSX.read(buf, {type:'buffer'});")

写入文件

¥Writing Files

"base64" 字符串可以从 JS 上下文传递到 Go 代码：

¥"base64" strings can be passed from the JS context to Go code:

/* write to Base64 string */
b64str, _ := vm.RunString("XLSX.write(wb, {type:'base64', bookType:'xlsx'})")

/* pull data back into Go and write to file */
buf, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(b64str.String())
_ = ioutil.WriteFile("sheetjs.xlsx", buf, 0644)

完整示例

¥Complete Example

测试部署

该演示在以下部署中进行了测试：

¥This demo was tested in the following deployments:

架构	Git 提交	去版本	日期
darwin-x64	79f3a7e	1.23.3	2024-12-17
darwin-arm	5ef83b8	1.24.0	2025-02-13
win11-x64	79f3a7e	1.23.4	2024-12-20
win11-arm	5ef83b8	1.24.0	2025-02-23
linux-x64	79f3a7e	1.22.0	2025-01-02
linux-arm	5ef83b8	1.19.8	2025-02-15

在撰写本文时，Goja 没有正确的版本号。版本由 Git 提交哈希值标识。

¥At the time of writing, Goja did not have proper version numbers. Versions are identified by Git commit hashes.

0. 创建模块并安装依赖：

   ¥Create a module and install dependencies:

mkdir SheetGoja
cd SheetGoja
go mod init SheetGoja
go get github.com/dop251/goja

1. 下载 SheetJS Standalone 脚本、shim 脚本和测试文件。将所有三个文件移动到项目目录：

   ¥Download the SheetJS Standalone script, shim script and test file. Move all three files to the project directory:

• xlsx.full.min.js
• shim.min.js
• pres.numbers

curl -LO https://cdn.sheetjs.com/xlsx-0.20.3/package/dist/shim.min.js
curl -LO https://cdn.sheetjs.com/xlsx-0.20.3/package/dist/xlsx.full.min.js
curl -LO https://xlsx.nodejs.cn/pres.numbers

2. 下载 SheetGoja.go：

   ¥Download SheetGoja.go:

curl -LO https://xlsx.nodejs.cn/goja/SheetGoja.go

3. 构建独立的 SheetGoja 二进制文件：

   ¥Build the standalone SheetGoja binary:

go build SheetGoja.go

4. 运行演示：

   ¥Run the demo:

./SheetGoja pres.numbers

如果程序成功，CSV 内容将打印到控制台并创建文件 sheetjsw.xlsb。该文件可以用 Excel 打开。

¥If the program succeeded, the CSV contents will be printed to console and the file sheetjsw.xlsb will be created. That file can be opened with Excel.

[^1]: 该项目没有网站。该库托管在 GitHub 上。

¥The project does not have a website. The library is hosted on GitHub.